CO₂ Removal (CDR)

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies refer to the removal of CO₂ directly from the atmosphere for storage. CDR technologies are especially critical in counterbalancing emissions that are difficult to eliminate completely. Explore the diverse range of CDR technologies which support global decarbonisation efforts.

Direct Air Capture
Carbon Capture & Storage
Biochar
Enhanced Rock Weathering

Facts & Figures

2 billion

Tons of CO₂ is captured annually using CDR technologies.

9 billion

Tons of global CO₂ removal required annually to meet climate targets by 2050.

30 billion+

USD invested into CDR technologies

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Conventional CDR technologies, including afforestation and reforestation have long existed before recent breakthroughs and innovations resulting in emerging novel CDR technologies, such as Direct Air Capture (DAC) and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). Each technique exists with different technological maturities, carbon removal potentials, and costs.

Our Focus Areas

Direct Air Capture (DAC)

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PROS:

Able to address existing CO2 emissions from decentralised sources

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CONS:

Less technologically mature than CCS technologies

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Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS)

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PROS:

Can be focused towards heavy industrial sources such as power or gas processing plants
An established and proven technology



CONS:

High implementation costs
Major infrastructure requirements

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Bioenergy with Carbon Capture & Storage (BECCS)

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PROS:

A type of carbon negative technology that generates energy whilst removing CO2 from atmosphere

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CONS:

Concerns with land and feedstock availability

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Biochar

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PROS:

Scalable as can be made from wide range of biogenic waste
Soil quality improvements



CONS:

Concerns with land and feedstock availability

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Enhanced rock weathering

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PROS:

Soil quality improvements
Rock dust can be used in coastal regions to absorb carbon dioxide and raise water pH levels



CONS:

Energy intensive to pulverise rocks

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Direct Air Capture (DAC)



PROS:

Able to address existing CO2 in atmosphere



CONS:

Low CO2 concentration source
High cost

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Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS)

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PROS:

Can be applied to existing carbon emitters such as power or gas processing plants, reducing emission production
Proven technology



CONS:

High implementation costs
Requires strategy for storage or use

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Bioenergy with Carbon Capture & Storage (BECCS)

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PROS:

Generates energy whilst removing CO2 from atmosphere – carbon negative technology



CONS:

Land usage concerns – competition with cultivation of crops or livestock
Feedstock supply concerns

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Biochar

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PROS:

Scalable as can be made from wide range of biogenic waste
Carbon remains in soil for long periods of time
Relatively cheaper than other CDR
Soil benefits – increased nutrient retention

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CONS:

Lack of controlled combustion of the gaseous emissions from its production may lead to net increase of GHG emissions due to excessive methane production
Land use and feedstock supply concerns
Uncertain long-term effects on soil health
Quality depends on feedstock quality

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Enhanced rock weathering

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PROS:

Improves soil health
Rock dust can be used in coastal regions to absorb carbon dioxide and raise water pH levels



CONS:

High costs
Energy intensive to pulverise rocks

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Market Share Size

Each year, 34 GtCO2 of CO₂ is produced globally on average. CDR technologies are currently estimated to actively remove around 6%, or 2 GtCO₂ per year. A large majority of this removal comes from conventional CDR methods like afforestation. This is in large contrast to novel CDR methods, which contribute less than 0.1% or 0.0013 GtCO₂ per year. However, novel CDR methods are growing at a more rapid rate compared to conventional methods.

Our expertise in the CDR market:

etasca’s team has acted as commercial and technical advisors for major projects investing into CDR technologies for decarbonisation. This includes market and technical reviews for potential carbon capture options, technology scale-ups, and techno-economic analyses.

Commercial Advisory

etasca’s commercial due diligence is underpinned by a deep understanding of the energy and chemicals value chains, regulations and markets.

We offer:

Our approach:

Commercial due diligence
Value creation and strategy
Independent market reports
Business model

Independent supply, demand and trade outlooks on key sustainable aviation fuels

Pricing forecasts for key sustainable aviation fuels

Knowledge around aviation industry regulations and key aviation market developments

We offer:

Commercial due diligence
Value creation and strategy
Independent market reports
Business model

Our approach:

Independent supply, demand and trade outlooks on key sustainable aviation fuels

Pricing forecasts for key sustainable aviation fuels

Knowledge around aviation industry regulations and key aviation market developments

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Technical Advisory

etasca’s technical advisory is led by chartered chemical engineers who have both prior operational experience managing plants as well as advisory experience where they have inspected and benchmarked operations.

We offer:

Our approach: